In 2014, Sericulture Production In China Was Full Of Joy And Sorrow.

In the past 14 years, although sericultural production in China has been affected by early spring continuous low-temperature and rainy weather in the southern silkworm region and continuous drought in the Northeast tussah region, the yield of silkworm cocoons has been increased by five consecutive years, and the loss of tussah cocoons has been reduced to a minimum. Due to the continuous downturn of the silk market this year, the price of silkworm cocoons has decreased continuously, resulting in a decrease in the income of cocoon selling. However, the price of silkworm cocoons as food is high and the income of selling cocoons is increasing.

(1) the area of raising is increased. From the production situation of 18 main silkworm producing provinces (districts and cities), the area of the mulberry garden in Guangxi and Sichuan continued to decrease, and the areas in Guangxi, Sichuan and Yunnan continued to increase. The total area of mulberry garden is 12 million 500 thousand mu, an increase of 71 thousand mu, an increase of 0.57% over the same period. Jiangsu and Zhejiang were reduced by 90 thousand mu and 51 thousand mu respectively, and Guangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan and Hunan increased by 100 thousand mu, 50 thousand mu, 44 thousand mu and 13 thousand mu respectively. Antheraea pernyi 7 provinces (regions) stocked silkworm eggs area of 11 million 570 thousand mu, down 745 thousand acres, or 6.05%, mainly due to drought in Liaoning reduced by 1 million 500 thousand mu, Henan increased 800 thousand mu.

(two) a slight decrease in seed production. Mulberry silkworm hair seed quantity 16 million 310 thousand, compared to the same period reduced 182 thousand pieces, reduced 1.1%. Among them, 400 thousand in spring and 217 thousand in summer and autumn. According to the provincial level, the number of 5 provinces increased slightly, and the 12 provinces (districts and cities) decreased. The largest increase and decrease were: Guangxi increased by 100 thousand, and Zhejiang reduced by 153 thousand. The amount of 286 million 790 thousand cocoons released from Tussah seed production decreased by 60 million 500 thousand cocoons compared with that of the last year, which was reduced by 17.4%, mainly due to the reduction of 60 million cocoons and 23.1% reduction in Liaoning.

(three) silkworm cocoon yield increased. The total output of cocoons was 650 thousand and 800 tons, an increase of 780 tons compared with that of the previous year, an increase of 0.12%. Among them, 7 provinces (cities) and 11 provinces (districts) have increased production, and more or more output has been increased: Guangxi has increased output by 8500 tons, Yunnan has increased output by 5300 tons, Zhejiang has reduced output by 9000 tons, and Jiangsu, Guangdong and Anhui have reduced 1700 tons, 1200 tons and 1000 tons respectively. The total output of tussah cocoons was 81 thousand and 800 tons, down 4281 tons, or 4.97%, mainly Liaoning The output was reduced by 7500 tons, or 15.46%, and the output of tussah pupa as an edible product was 58 thousand and 700 tons, a decrease of 2056 tons compared with that of the previous year, or 3.38%.

(four) cocoon price decreases and pupal price rises. Since May 2014, the international raw silk market has been in a doldrums, leading to a continuous decline in the cocoon price of silkworm. The weighted average price of silkworm fresh cocoons is 1835 yuan /50 kg, down 175 yuan /50 kg, down 8.71%. In addition to the slight increase of 3 production provinces (districts) in Guizhou, Gansu and Xinjiang, the other 15 provinces (districts and cities) have declined to varying degrees, especially in 6 provinces (regions), Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Shandong and Guangxi, which dropped by 200-290 yuan /50 kg. The average cocoon weight of fresh silkworm with pupa is 1881 yuan /50 kg, up 212 yuan /50 kg, raising 12.71%. The average price of tussah pupa is 2293 yuan /50 kg, up 328 yuan /50 kg compared with the same period, raising 16.7%.

(five) fresh cocoon income increased by mulberry. Whole country Silkworm cocoon The total output value was 23 billion 890 million yuan, a decrease of 2 billion 240 million yuan, or a decrease of 8.58%. In addition to the increase of 51 million 670 thousand yuan and 3 million 520 thousand yuan in Yunnan and Shaanxi, other provinces (regions and cities) basically reduced their revenues. The provinces that had reduced the amount of over 100 million yuan were: Guangxi reduced by 788 million 810 thousand yuan, Zhejiang reduced 595 million 650 thousand yuan, Jiangsu reduced 322 million 710 thousand yuan, Sichuan reduced 148 million 800 thousand yuan, Anhui reduced 124 million 280 thousand yuan, Guangdong reduced 103 million 600 thousand yuan. The total output value of tussah cocoons was 3 billion 80 million yuan, an increase of 204 million yuan, an increase of 7.11%, of which Jilin increased by 174 million 130 thousand yuan and Liaoning's income by 76 million yuan. Because the Northeast silkworm pupa is more prosperous than the silkworm cocoon market, the pupa price is 21.9% higher than the cocoon price, reaching 2293 yuan /50 kg, making silkworm pupa increase 42.88% and increase the income 537 million 660 thousand yuan.

(six) the total output of silkworm eggs increased. 14 million 580 thousand species of silkworm eggs were produced in the whole country, an increase of 610 thousand over the same period, an increase of 4.4%. The production of 444 million 960 thousand cocoons of tussah silkworms increased by 43 million 370 thousand cocoons compared with the same period last year, increasing 10.8%.

The main problems existing in sericulture production are: first, the threat of microparticle disease to sericulture production is becoming more and more serious. In recent years, the results of silkworm egg quality monitoring showed that the rate of non-toxic qualified silkworm eggs was reduced, the passing rate of virus was increased, and the rate of elimination of super poison increased significantly, resulting in nearly 100 million burned silkworm eggs and large losses. Two, the research of sericulture is still lagging behind. At present, the silkworm variety is still approved in the 80s and popularized in 90s. The matching technology was mainly before the 90s of the last century. Three, less investment in sericulture production. At present, the state has invested a lot in the construction and transformation of the silkworm breeding farm. Silkworm chamber construction There has been no corresponding project support for pest control and other aspects, resulting in a relatively slow increase in production level.

In view of the above problems, we should focus on four aspects. First, we should strengthen production guidance. We should pay close attention to the market changes of cocoon silk, do well in information service, formulate a good production guidance plan, guide farmers to arrange production reasonably, keep the basic balance between production and marketing, promote the recovery of cocoon price, and strive to restore and improve sericultural production efficiency as soon as possible. Two, we must strictly control the spread of silkworm disease. While continuing to strengthen the supervision of silkworm eggs quality, we should increase capital investment and select a batch of large silkworm breeding farms in the whole country to build a mulberry garden light trap and kill pests and facilities, so as to reduce the source of disease. Three is to strengthen sericulture production facilities. Actively coordinate communication, increase investment in mulberry garden, silkworm room, sericulture production machinery, and raise the level of production technology. Four is to promote sericulture scientific research more practical results. At present, the situation of Sericultural Research Papers and results should be changed. Effective measures should be taken to promote close integration of research and production, and encourage scientific researchers to find problems, to study quietly, to produce results quickly and to produce more results, so as to make new contributions to sericulture production in China as soon as possible.